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{{SubTabs
|-1/-1 counter
|noitalic=1
|sub1=List of cards
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{{Infobox counter
{{Infobox counter
| name = -1/-1 Counter
| use = [[Power and toughness]] alteration
| type = Generic
| icon = Minus.svg
| placed = [[Creature]]s
| first = Arabian Nights
| first = Arabian Nights
| last = New Phyrexia
| last = Jurassic World Collection
}}
}}
'''-1/-1 counters''' are the second most common [[counter (marker)|counter]] type in ''[[Magic]]'', following [[+1/+1 counter]]s. They were introduced on the ''[[Arabian Nights]]'' card <c>Unstable Mutation</c>.<ref name="Fits All" />
'''-1/-1 counters''' are the second most common [[counter (marker)|counter]] type in ''[[Magic]]'', following [[+1/+1 counter]]s. They were introduced on the ''[[Arabian Nights]]'' card <c>Unstable Mutation</c>,<ref name="Fits All">{{DailyRef|making-magic/11-size-fits-all-2008-02-11|+1/+1 Size Fits All|[[Mark Rosewater]]|February 11, 2008}}</ref> and were used as major set themes in ''[[Shadowmoor]]'', ''[[Eventide]]'', [[Scars of Mirrodin block]], and [[Amonkhet block]].
 
==Description==
[[File:AKH Punch card.png|thumb|right|[[Punch card]] from ''[[Amonkhet]]'' with -1/-1 counters]]
-1/-1 counters appear in all five colors, but are primarily in black. Flavorwise, putting -1/-1 counters on a creature usually indicates a character being scarred or infected. Shadowmoor's design used replacement effects to signify "damaged" creatures, with a few ways to remove counters flavored as "healing" effects. Scars of Mirrodin used them aggressively on opponent's creatures as "infection", which grew worse with the effect of [[proliferate]].


At least one set within the next seven years is expected to use -1/-1 counters,<ref name="When are" /> and they are currently ranked at a 1 on the [[storm scale]].<ref name="Storm Scale" />  
For ease of comprehension, [[block]]s tend to focus on only a single type of counter on creatures. -1/-1 counters are used less often than +1/+1 counters because they have less available [[design|design space]], due to their similarity to +1/+1 counters and their capacity to kill creatures and hence a finite number of counters on any given board state.<ref name="Fits All" /><ref name="Why Infrequent">{{EzTumblr|http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/94752524348|title=Why are -1/-1 counters so infrequent?|August 14, 2014}}</ref>


-1/-1 counters appear in all five colors, but are primarily in black and secondarily in green. Flavorwise, putting -1/-1 counters on a creature usually indicates a character being scarred or infected.
As a further concession to mitigate complexity, +1/+1 counters and -1/-1 counters are the only [[power]]/[[toughness]] altering counters used in new products.<ref name="Fits All" /> Additionally, they are never used in the same block, to minimize confusion in [[limited]] play.<ref name="Wither and Undying">{{EzTumblr|http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/102675216973|title=Wither and undying in the same set?|November 15, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Block not Standard">{{EzTumblr|http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/121078938873|title=Wouldn't the rule...|June 9, 2015}}</ref> A small handful of cards from the earliest sets still use other, [[obsolete counters]].


For ease of comprehension, [[Block (sets)|blocks]] tend to focus on only a single type of counter on creatures. -1/-1 counters are used less often than +1/+1 counters because they have less available [[design space]], due to their similarity to +1/+1 counters<ref name="Fits All" /> and their capacity to kill creatures and thereby simplify the game state.<ref name="Why Infrequent" />
At least one set between 2015 and 2022 was expected to use -1/-1 counters.<ref name="When are">{{EzTumblr|http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/116155415598|title=When are -1/-1 counters coming back?|April 11, 2015}}</ref> That set was later revealed to be ''[[Amonkhet]]'', which returned to the "scarred" design usage, but with the additional twist of having the effect target, resulting in a flavor of mercilessly passing one's own curse onto others.<ref>{{DailyRef|card-preview/developing-amonkhet-2017-04-04|Developing ''Amonkhet''|[[Dave Humpherys]]|April 4, 2017}}</ref> -1/-1 counters are currently ranked at a 5 on the [[Storm Scale]] for individual cards, and a 7 for use as one of the main mechanics of a set.<ref name="Where would">{{EzTumblr|http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/706640107344740352/|title=Where would you say -1,-1 counters are on the storm scale?|2023-01-16}}</ref>


As a further concession to mitigate complexity, +1/+1 counters and -1/-1 counters are the only [[power]]/[[toughness]] altering counters used in new products.<ref name="Fits All" /> Additionally, they are never used in the same block, to minimize confusion in [[limited]] play.<ref name="Wither and Undying" /><ref name="Block not Standard" /> A small handful of cards from the earliest sets still use other, [[obsolete counters]].
After [[Hour of Devastation|''Hour of Devastation'']], new cards with -1/-1 counters were limited to the single representatives in the supplemental sets ''[[Modern Horizons]], [[Commander 2019]], [[Modern Horizons 2]]'', and the digital [[Alchemy Horizons: Baldur's Gate|''Alchemy Horizons Baldur's Gate'']].


== Cancellation With +1/+1 Counters ==
==Cancellation with +1/+1 counters==
When both +1/+1 and -1/-1 counters are present on the same creature, they are immediately removed in matched pairs until only one or the other remains.
When both +1/+1 and -1/-1 counters are present on the same creature, they are immediately removed in matched pairs until only one or the other remains.
{{CR|122.3}}


{{CR|lookup=121.3}}
==Mechanics==
 
Because +1/+1 counters are the default creature counter,<ref name="The Road">{{DailyRef|making-magic/11-road-2005-09-26|+1/+1 For the Road|[[Mark Rosewater]]|September 26, 2005}}</ref> -1/-1 counters have been used by far fewer mechanics. There are currently three keyworded mechanics using -1/-1 counters, all of them from [[Lorwyn–Shadowmoor block]] or [[Scars of Mirrodin block]]:
== Mechanics ==
Because +1/+1 counters are the default creature counter,<ref name="The Road" /> -1/-1 counters have been used by far fewer mechanics. There are currently three keyworded mechanics using -1/-1 counters, all of them from [[Lorwyn–Shadowmoor block]] or [[Scars of Mirrodin block]]:
* [[Infect]]
* [[Infect]]
* [[Persist]]
* [[Persist]]
* [[Wither]]
* [[Wither]]


== Cards which create -1/-1 counter ==
[[Ruthless]] is the mechanic that Amonkhet block used, however, it is not officially named.


=== Arabian Nights ===
==Trivia==
*<c>Unstable Mutation</c> is the first enchantment - aura to use -1/-1 counters.
* [[Arrowhead counter]]s create -1/-1 counters.


=== Fallen Empires ===
==References==
*<c>Thelon's Chant</c> and <c>Tourach's Chant</c> are the first non-aura enchantments to use -1/-1 counters.
{{reflist}}


=== Ice Age ===
*<c>Skeleton Ship</c> is the first creature to produce -1/-1 counters, as well as being the first multicolored and first legendary creature to do so.  It is also the first creature that could tap to produce -1/-1 counters.
=== Homelands ===
*<c>Giant Oyster</c>
*<c>Retribution</c> is the first sorcery to produce -1/-1 counters.
*<c>Serrated Arrows</c> is the first artifact to produce -1/-1 counters.  It also uses arrowhead counters.
*<c>Torture</c>
=== Alliances ===
*<c>Misfortune</c> is the first sorcery to produce +1/+1 and -1/-1 counters.
*<c>Wandering Mage</c> is the first creature that could produce -1/-1 counters for a mana cost.
=== Mirage ===
*<c>Harbinger of Night</c> is the first creature to put a -1/-1 counter on all creatures.
=== Visions ===
*<c>Lichenthrope</c> is the first creature to receive -1/-1 counters in place of damage which is similar to [[wither]] but is for all damage not just combat damage.
*<c>Matopi Golem</c> is the first artifact creature to receive a -1/-1 counter as part of payment to [[regenerate]] itself.
=== Weatherlight ===
*<c>Aboroth</c> is the first creature to produce -1/-1 and age counters.
*<c>Serrated Biskelion</c> is the first artifact creature to produce -1/-1 counters.
=== Tempest ===
*<c>Fevered Convulsions</c>
*<c>Segmented Wurm</c> is the first creature, as well as the first multicolored creature, to gain 1/-1 counters when it is the target of a spell or ability.
=== Mercadian Masques ===
*<c>Quagmire Lamprey</c> is the first creature to put -1/-1 counters on creatures blocked by it.
=== Torment ===
*<c>Shambling Swarm</c> is the first creature that distributed -1/-1 counters upon its death.
=== Shadowmoor ===
-1/-1 counters were a big theme in the set. <ref>{{NewRef|making-magic/shadowmoor-meets-eye-part-iii-2008-04-14|''Shadowmoor'' than Meets The Eye, Part III|[[Mark Rosewater]]|April 14, 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{NewRef|making-magic/1-1-singular-sensation-2008-05-12|-1/-1 Singular Sensation|[[Mark Rosewater]]|May 12, 2008}}</ref> <ref>{{NewRef|feature/tasty-buffet-1-1-counters-2008-05-14|A Tasty Buffet of -1/-1 Counters|[[Doug Beyer]]|May 14, 2008}}</ref>
*<c>Barrenton Medic</c>
*<c>Biting Tether</c>
*<c>Blowfly Infestation</c>
*<c>Chainbreaker</c>
*<c>Cinderhaze Wretch</c>
*<c>Cultbrand Cinder</c>
*<c>Devoted Druid</c>
*<c>Dusk Urchins</c>
*<c>Flourishing Defenses</c>
*<c>Gnarled Effigy</c>
*<c>Grief Tyrant</c>
*<c>Grim Poppet</c>
*<c>Heartmender</c> removes -1/-1 counters from every creature you control during your upkeep in addition to having persist.
*<c>Incremental Blight</c>
*<c>Leech Bonder</c>
*<c>Morselhoarder</c>
*<c>Puncture Bolt</c>
*<c>Scar</c>
*<c>Scarscale Ritual</c>
*<c>Sinking Feeling</c>
*<c>Wicker Warcrawler</c>
*<c>Woeleecher</c>
==== Persist ====
Creatures with [[persist]] return to the battlefield under their owner's control with a -1/-1 counter on them if they had no -1/-1 counters on them when they died.
*<c>Cauldron of Souls</c> is the first artifact that granted persist until end of turn.
*<c>Furystoke Giant</c>
*<c>Gravelgill Axeshark</c>
*<c>Kitchen Finks</c>
*<c>Murderous Redcap</c>
*<c>Puppeteer Clique</c>
*<c>Rattleblaze Scarecrow</c> has persist as long as you control a black creature.
*<c>River Kelpie</c>
*<c>Safehold Elite</c>
*<c>Scuzzback Marauders</c>
*<c>Twilight Shepherd</c>
*<c>Wingrattle Scarecrow</c> has persist as long as you control a black creature.
*<c>Woodfall Primus</c>
==== Wither ====
Creatures with [[wither]] dealt damage in the form of -1/-1 counters.
*<c>Blazethorn Scarecrow</c>
*<c>Blight Sickle</c> is the first equipment to grant wither.
*<c>Boggart Ram-Gang</c>
*<c>Cinderbones</c>
*<c>Corrosive Mentor</c> also grants wither to all black creatures you control.
*<c>Everlasting Torment</c>
*<c>Fists of the Demigod</c>
*<c>Inescapable Brute</c>
*<c>Juvenile Gloomwidow</c>
*<c>Kulrath Knight</c>
*<c>Lockjaw Snapper</c>
*<c>Midnight Banshee</c>
*<c>Oona's Gatewarden</c>
*<c>Rustrazor Butcher</c>
*<c>Scuzzback Scrapper</c>
*<c>Sickle Ripper</c>
*<c>Slinking Giant</c>
*<c>Thornwatch Scarecrow</c> has wither as long as you control a green creature.
*<c>Tower Above</c> is the first sorcery to grant wither.
*<c>Wildslayer Elves</c>
*<c>Witherscale Wurm</c>
=== Eventide ===
*A cycle of uncommon 6/6 [[Elemental]] creatures with a cost of {{3}}M come into play with four -1/-1 counters on it {{-}} <c>Voracious Hatchling</c>, <c>Belligerent Hatchling</c>, <c>Shrewd Hatchling</c>, <c>Sturdy Hatchling</c>, and <c>Noxious Hatchling</c>.
*<c>Bloodied Ghost</c>
*<c>Canker Abomination</c>
*<c>Crumbling Ashes</c> is the first enchantment that destroys a creature with a -1/-1 counter on it.
*<c>Deity of Scars</c>
*<c>Gwyllion Hedge-Mage</c>
*<c>Hatchet Bully</c>
*<c>Hotheaded Giant</c>
*<c>Pyrrhic Revival</c>
*<c>Quillspike</c>
*<c>Soul Snuffers</c>
*<c>Wickerbough Elder</c>
==== Persist ====
*<c>Aerie Ouphes</c>
*<c>Antler Skulkin</c>
*<c>Cauldron Haze</c>
*<c>Glen Elendra Archmage</c>
*<c>Grazing Kelpie</c>
*<c>Kithkin Spellduster</c>
*<c>Lingering Tormentor</c>
*<c>Rendclaw Trow</c>, also has wither.
*<c>Restless Apparition</c>
*<c>Trapjaw Kelpie</c>
==== Wither ====
Creatures with [[wither]] deal damage in the form of -1/-1 counters.
*<c>Duergar Cave-Guard</c>
*<c>Fang Skulkin</c>
*<c>Harvest Gwyllion</c>
*<c>Hateflayer</c>
*<c>Necroskitter</c>
*<c>Needle Specter</c>
*<c>Puncture Blast</c>
*<c>Smoldering Butcher</c>
*<c>Stigma Lasher</c>
*<c>Twinblade Slasher</c>
*<c>Woodlurker Mimic</c>
=== Scars of Mirrodin ===
*<c> Carnifex Demon</c>
*<c> Contagion Clasp</c>
*<c> Contagion Engine</c>
*<c>Fume Spitter</c>
*<c>Instill Infection</c>
*<c>Skinrender</c>
==== Infect ====
Creatures with [[infect]] deal damage in the form of -1/-1 counters and poison counters.
*<c> Blackcleave Goblin</c>
*<c> Blight Mamba</c>
*<c> Carrion Call</c>
*<c> Contagious Nim</c>
*<c> Corpse Cur</c>
*<c> Cystbearer</c>
*<c> Grafted Exoskeleton</c>
*<c>Hand of the Praetors</c>
*<c>Ichor Rats</c> - also produces poison counters when it comes into the battlefield.
*<c>Ichorclaw Myr</c>
*<c>Necropede</c>
*<c>Plague Stinger</c>
*<c>Putrefax</c>
*<c> Skithiryx, the Blight Dragon</c>
*<c> Tainted Strike</c>
*<c> Tangle Angler</c>
*<c> Tel-Jilad Fallen</c>
*<c>Vector Asp</c>
=== Mirrodin Besieged ===
*<c> Black Sun's Zenith</c>
*<c>Choking Fumes</c>
*<c>Gore Vassal</c>
*<c>Vedalken Anatomist</c>
*<c>Virulent Wound</c>
==== Infect ====
*<c>Blightwidow</c>
*<c>Core Prowler</c>
*<c>Corrupted Conscience</c>
*<c>Flensermite</c>
*<c>Flesh-Eater Imp</c>
*<c>Inkmoth Nexus</c>
*<c>Phyresis</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Crusader</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Digester</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Hydra</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Juggernaut</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Vatmother</c>
*<c>Plague Myr</c>
*<c>Priests of Norn</c>
*<c>Rot Wolf</c>
*<c>Scourge Servant</c>
*<c>Septic Rats</c>
*<c>Tine Shrike</c>
*<c>Viridian Corrupter</c>
=== New Phyrexia ===
*<c>Etched Monstrosity</c>
*<c>Grim Affliction</c>
*<c>Pith Driller</c>
==== Infect ====
*<c>Blighted Agent</c>
*<c>Chained Throatseeker</c>
*<c>Fallen Ferromancer</c>
*<c>Glistener Elf</c>
*<c>Glistening Oil</c>
*<c>Lost Leonin</c>
*<c>Ogre Menial</c>
*<c>Pestilent Souleater</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Swarmlord</c>
*<c>Phyrexian Unlife</c>
*<c>Razor Swine</c>
*<c> Reaper of Sheoldred</c>
*<c>Shriek Raptor</c>
*<c>Spinebiter</c>
*<c>Toxic Nim</c>
*<c>Triumph of the Hordes</c>
*<c>Viral Drake</c>
*<c>Viridian Betrayers</c>
*<c>Whispering Spectre</c>
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="Fits All">{{NewRef|making-magic/11-size-fits-all-2008-02-11|+1/+1 Size Fits All|[[Mark Rosewater]]|February 11 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="The Road">{{NewRef|making-magic/11-road-2005-09-26|+1/+1 For the Road|[[Mark Rosewater]]|September 26 2005}}</ref>
<ref name="When are">{{TumblrRef|author=[[Mark Rosewater]]|URL=http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/116155415598|title=When are -1/-1 counters coming back?|tumblr-title=Blogatog|date=April 11 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="Storm Scale">{{TumblrRef|author=[[Mark Rosewater]]|URL=http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/109610900533|title=Where are -1/-1 counters on the storm scale?|tumblr-title=Blogatog|date=January 30 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="Why Infrequent">{{TumblrRef|author=[[Mark Rosewater]]|URL=http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/94752524348|title=Why are -1/-1 counters so infrequent?|tumblr-title=Blogatog|date=August 14 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="Wither and Undying">{{TumblrRef|author=[[Mark Rosewater]]|URL=http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/102675216973|title=Wither and undying in the same set?|tumblr-title=Blogatog|date=November 15 2014}}</ref>
<ref name="Block not Standard">{{TumblrRef|author=[[Mark Rosewater]]|URL=http://markrosewater.tumblr.com/post/121078938873|title=Wouldn't the rule...|tumblr-title=Blogatog|date=June 9 2015}}</ref>
}}
{{Counter types}}
{{Counter types}}
[[Category:Counters]]
[[Category:Counters]]

Latest revision as of 18:33, 31 December 2023

-1/-1 counter
 
 
-1/-1 counter
[[File:{{#setmainimage:Minus.svg}}|70x70px]]
Counter
Use Power and toughness alteration
Placed on Creatures
Introduced Arabian Nights
Last used Jurassic World Collection
Scryfall search
oracle:"-1/-1 counter"

-1/-1 counters are the second most common counter type in Magic, following +1/+1 counters. They were introduced on the Arabian Nights card Unstable Mutation,[1] and were used as major set themes in Shadowmoor, Eventide, Scars of Mirrodin block, and Amonkhet block.

Description

Punch card from Amonkhet with -1/-1 counters

-1/-1 counters appear in all five colors, but are primarily in black. Flavorwise, putting -1/-1 counters on a creature usually indicates a character being scarred or infected. Shadowmoor's design used replacement effects to signify "damaged" creatures, with a few ways to remove counters flavored as "healing" effects. Scars of Mirrodin used them aggressively on opponent's creatures as "infection", which grew worse with the effect of proliferate.

For ease of comprehension, blocks tend to focus on only a single type of counter on creatures. -1/-1 counters are used less often than +1/+1 counters because they have less available design space, due to their similarity to +1/+1 counters and their capacity to kill creatures and hence a finite number of counters on any given board state.[1][2]

As a further concession to mitigate complexity, +1/+1 counters and -1/-1 counters are the only power/toughness altering counters used in new products.[1] Additionally, they are never used in the same block, to minimize confusion in limited play.[3][4] A small handful of cards from the earliest sets still use other, obsolete counters.

At least one set between 2015 and 2022 was expected to use -1/-1 counters.[5] That set was later revealed to be Amonkhet, which returned to the "scarred" design usage, but with the additional twist of having the effect target, resulting in a flavor of mercilessly passing one's own curse onto others.[6] -1/-1 counters are currently ranked at a 5 on the Storm Scale for individual cards, and a 7 for use as one of the main mechanics of a set.[7]

After Hour of Devastation, new cards with -1/-1 counters were limited to the single representatives in the supplemental sets Modern Horizons, Commander 2019, Modern Horizons 2, and the digital Alchemy Horizons Baldur's Gate.

Cancellation with +1/+1 counters

When both +1/+1 and -1/-1 counters are present on the same creature, they are immediately removed in matched pairs until only one or the other remains.

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

  • 122.3. If a permanent has both a +1/+1 counter and a -1/-1 counter on it, N +1/+1 and N -1/-1 counters are removed from it as a state-based action, where N is the smaller of the number of +1/+1 and -1/-1 counters on it. See rule 704.

Mechanics

Because +1/+1 counters are the default creature counter,[8] -1/-1 counters have been used by far fewer mechanics. There are currently three keyworded mechanics using -1/-1 counters, all of them from Lorwyn–Shadowmoor block or Scars of Mirrodin block:

Ruthless is the mechanic that Amonkhet block used, however, it is not officially named.

Trivia

References

  1. a b c Mark Rosewater (February 11, 2008). "+1/+1 Size Fits All". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast.
  2. Mark Rosewater (August 14, 2014). "Why are -1/-1 counters so infrequent?". Blogatog. Tumblr.
  3. Mark Rosewater (November 15, 2014). "Wither and undying in the same set?". Blogatog. Tumblr.
  4. Mark Rosewater (June 9, 2015). "Wouldn't the rule...". Blogatog. Tumblr.
  5. Mark Rosewater (April 11, 2015). "When are -1/-1 counters coming back?". Blogatog. Tumblr.
  6. Dave Humpherys (April 4, 2017). "Developing Amonkhet". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast.
  7. Mark Rosewater (2023-01-16). "Where would you say -1,-1 counters are on the storm scale?". Blogatog. Tumblr.
  8. Mark Rosewater (September 26, 2005). "+1/+1 For the Road". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast.