Ice Age

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Template:Expansion

Ice Age is the sixth Magic expansion and was released in June 1995 as the first set in the Ice Age Block. With 383 cards including basic lands, it was the first standalone expansion.

Mechanics and Themes

Ice Age introduced Cumulative Upkeep and Snow lands (then called Snow-covered lands) to the game. Cumulative Upkeep is a cost on permanents that increases with each turn, and was used entirely as a disadvantage on cards with powerful and/or game-changing effects in this expansion. Snow-covered lands are a cycle of basic lands that also have the Snow supertype, which is meaningless by itself, but is referenced by other cards. This feature in the set is not very well developed and considered mostly a failure by the developers of the Alliances expansion, who chose not to expand much on this theme. Snow-covered lands inspired the creation of the Arcane spell type in the Kamigawa block.

Another popular mechanic was introduced in Ice Age, but did not use a keyword: Cantrips. These are spells that, in addition to a normal small effect, also drew you a card. The typical formula for the mana cost of a cantrip was to add 2 to the cost of the effect, which was typically one colored mana for the typically small effect. Additionally, Ice Age set the precedent of such spells drawing a card during the next upkeep. This was done instead of today's simpler "Draw a card" because the developers were not sure if adding card drawing to simple spells would make them overpowered, and they chose to print a more conservative version of the ability. Delayed card drawing would continue on Cantrips through the Visions expansion, when it the delay was removed for being unnecessary.

Ice Age also further explored Legendary permanents, expanding on them from the lands and multicolored creatures in the Legends expansion to now include mono-colored creatures.

Ice Age also had a theme of allied color cooperation, with cards of one color that required or were improved by the use of allied color mana. For example, Freyalise Supplicant is a green creature that requires you to sacrifice a white or red creature, and Word of Undoing is a blue instant that returns a creature to owner's hand, as well as any white Auras you control on that creature.

Ice Age was designed thematically for slow play, with very few creatures with evasion abilities. As a result, Ice Age limited play is often characterized by long games with non-flying creature stalls, as Magic sets were not yet designed specifially to support limited play.

Notable Cards

  • Brainstorm was certainly less powerful than Ancestral Recall, but it is still a notably powerful card that continues to see lots of play in the formats it remains legal in.
  • Demonic Consultation was initially considered to be too risky, but it eventually proved to be a solid tutoring spell and proved just how valuable tutoring spells really are. It, too, was later banned.
  • Illusions of Grandeur gained fame when it was combined with Donate to gain 20 life and force an opponent to pay its Cumulative Upkeep until they lost 20 life.
  • Jester's Cap was, at the time, the most valuable card in the expansion for its ability to interfere with an opponent's strategy. It has since been overshadowed and is now seldom played.
  • Necropotence was originally dismissed as a bad rare and even called the worst rare of the set by InQuest Magazine. It later became the centerpiece of the powerful, mono-black deck of the same name. The deck was so powerful that its reign is often called "Black Summer" or "The Summer of Necro." Several cards from the deck were later banned, but Necropotence appeared again later in several other decks, and was finally banned itself.
  • Pox had a powerful tournament deck built around it.
  • Pyroclasm is a powerful, inexpensive board-clearing effect that continues to see play today.
  • Stormbind is a recurring source of damage from a time when they were much harder to come by. It was a powerful tournament card at the time, comboing well with Whiteout for added effect.
  • Zuran Orb is a powerful and inexpensive artifact that gives any deck lifegain, and was notorious for prolonging games. It eventually was banned or restricted in every sanctioned format it could have been played in as a result.

Storyline

The Ice Age storyline, like the earlier sets that took place on Dominaria, occured on the continent of Terisiare, where the Brothers' War had taken place. That war ended with the Sylex Blast, which was powerful enough to alter the planet's climate. All the major civlizations of Terisiare had been destroyed by either the war or the ice. New cultures arose on the ice, fighting bitterly for survival, but when the necromancer Lim-Dûl unleashed a horde of undead, old enemies were forced to work together or be overwhelmed.

The setting was based largely off of Norse style mythology and culture. Names were largely Scandanavian in character, and occasional runes and Norse-style clothing and armor can be seen in the art.

Design & Development

The Philadelphia Playtest Group, consisting of Skaff Elias, Jim Lin, and Dave Pettey, that had helped Richard Garfield with the original Alpha set of Magic decided that they could create a "more interesting" set. They were quickly asked by Richard Garfield to create a Magic expansion, and Chris Page was assigned to join the team. At the time designers were given the freedom to either compose their sets entirely out of new cards or to use the commons from Alpha Edition and create only new uncommons and rares. The Ice Age group, who saw themselves as improving on Alpha Edition, chose to reuse many staple cards. The design goals are best described by Skaff Elias himself: "We wanted a set where flying was special, not just an extra word tacked on to every played creature. We wanted a set where the idea that a color was short on creatures meant something. We wanted a set where the 'allied' colors were played more often with each other than enemy colors were. We wanted strategy in simple creature combat as well as flashy enchantments that gave you cards for life. We wanted games to last longer (when we started the design of the set, the Magic environment was too fast due to unlimited card restrictions) and have more turnabouts." After Alpha Edition was published it was quickly realized that the players were ravenous for new cards and would not, at the time, stomach reprints of commons they had already seen. The presence of the reprinted commons would lead to the delayed release, and the redesign, of Ice Age. This was both good and bad for the set. More cards were created, some of which were slated to replace reprints, and more time was available to test those cards. Unfortunately, last-minute untested additions to improve the strength of the expansion's themes added complications to the cards and seemed clunky. Snow-covered lands were added late to improve the environmental theme, which could explain why the snow-covered mechanic was so poorly developed.

While the common reprints delayed the release of Ice Age, the timing for a standalone expansion was probably fortuitous, as it took time for Wizards of the Coast to collect and analyze feedback from the players and develop a plan for the long-term survival of the game. The idea of regularly recreating Magic is fundamental to the survival of the game, for which the Ice Age development team had to argue. The standalone style of this expansion was hotly debated at the time, but in the end proved to be a solid idea and important to the game and proved that players would eventually accept some reprints in an evolving game.

Cycles

Ice Age has nine cycles:

There are three cycles of "color hosing" cards in this expansion: two monocolored cycles giving each color a card to combat each of its enemy colors and a multicolored cycle giving each allied color combination a card to combat its shared enemy color.

  • First monocolored color hosing cycle: Drought, Hydroblast, Leshrac's Sigil, Anarchy, and Thoughtleech are each monocolored cards that give a player of one color an advantage against an opponent playing the "first" enemy color, or the first non-consecutive color in the sequence WUBRGWU.
  • Multicolored color hosing cycle: Glaciers, Reclamation, Flooded Woodlands, Ghostly Flame, and Monsoon are each rare allied multicolored cards that give a player of one allied color combination an advantage against an opponent playing the enemy color of both allied colors (it might not be obvious, but Ghostly Flame gives an advantage against an opponent playing white, since black and red otherwise have few ways to combat a Circle of Protection: Black or Circle of Protection: Red, which were popular weapons against these colors at the time).

There are two cycles of rare, allied-color dual-lands in this expansion:

  • Painland cycle: Adarkar Wastes, Brushland, Underground River, Sulfurous Springs, and Karplusan Forest are each rare lands with "T: add 1 to your mana pool. T: Add C or D to your mana pool. [This] deals 1 damage to you." C and D are allied colors of mana. These lands are called painlands because their use for colored mana is "painful," referring to the damage they do to you.
  • Depletion land cycle: Land Cap, Veldt, River Delta, Lava Tubes, and Timberline Ridge are each rare lands with "T: add C or D to your mana pool. [This] doesn't untap during its controller's next untap phase." C and D are allied colors of mana. These lands were called the Depletion lands because the "doesn't untap" drawback previously used a depletion counter to remind the user not to untap it for one turn. This cycle is strictly worse than a similar uncommon cycle printed in the Champions of Kamigawa expansion.

Creature Types

Ice Age saw the return of many familiar creature types, but also introduced a number of new ones, some of which are unique to their respective creatures like those found in earlier expansions. This is not too surprising, as the design of this expansion began before Magic was even released to the public.

The following creature types are introduced in this expansion: Aurochs, Barbarian, Blinking Spirit (later changed to Spirit), Brownie, Centaur, Dead (later changed to Skeleton), Dinosaur, Dog (later changed to Hound), Dryad, Erne, Fiend, Fox, Frostbeast, Goat, Gorilla Pack (later changed to Ape), Hipparion, Illusion, Infernal Denizen, Insect, Kraken, Lemure, Lhurgoyf, Mage, Mercenary, Mistfolk (later changed to Illusion), Ouphe, Pyknite, Ranger, Shyft, Tiger (later changed to Cat), Titan, Toad, Wight, Wiitigo, Wolverine (separate from Legends' Wolverine Pack), and Worm.

The following creature types are used in this expansion but also appear in previous sets: Angel, Bear, Cleric, Demon, Elf, Ghoul (later changed to Zombie), Giant, Hero, Hydra, Imp, Knight, Lord, Mammoth (later changed to Elephant), Orc, Paladin, Phantasm, Rat, Shade, Soldier, Specter, Spider, Spirit, Unicorn, Vampire, Wall, Wizard, Wolf, Wurm, Yeti, and Zombie.

Points of Interest

  • Ice Age is the first expansion to use a new white mana symbol that was first introduced in Fourth Edition and is still used today.
  • Ice Age is the first expansion to use a new tap symbol that was first introduced in Fourth Edition.
  • Ice Age is the first expansion to have a cycle of "color hosing" cards.
  • Anarchy blatantly defies the "red can't destroy enchantments" rule.
  • Aurochs is an extinct ancestor of domestic cattle
  • Chub Toad is an anagram of "bad touch", an expression favored by former R&D member Shawn Carnes meaning "in poor taste."
  • Deflection is the first spell to have the ability to change the target of another spell (Reflecting Mirror was an artifact), introducing this ability to blue where it would stay for many years before changing to red.
  • Elkin Bottle is an anagram of "Klein bottle," which is a one-sided bottle related to the Möbius strip and is depicted in the card art.
  • Flare was named "Poke" but was changed for being potentially sexually suggestive.
  • Formation was named "Tactics" until the art came back featuring ostriches and the name didn't seem to fit anymore.
  • Foxfire is a phosphorescent glow produced by certain fungi that grow on rotting wood.
  • Freyalise's Winds was to be named "Phelddagrif's Winds" (Phelddagrif is an anagram of "Richard Garfield PhD") but it was decided that Phelddagrif didn't sound like the name of a Goddess of Spring.
  • Fumarole is a hole that emits gas, usually near a volcano.
  • Fylgja is the only card in this expansion to use the old white mana symbol. This is possibly because this card was used promotionally, and so was released before the rest of the expansion. This old symbol remained instead of it being changed for the release of the rest of the expansion. It ispired the creation of Ursine Fylgja. The name is a Norse word referring to a kind of guardian spirit animal that is associated with a particular person.
  • Goblin Mutant was one of five uncommon Ice Age block Japanese language cards offered as a promotion in Japan. The Ice Age block was not released in Japan.
  • Hipparion is an extinct three-toed relative of the horse.
  • Jester's Cap was designed both to thrill players with the new idea of manipulating an opponent's library, which had previously been considered a taboo, and to hurt decks reliant on powerful restricted cards.
  • Jeweled Amulet is the first attempt at creating a "fixed" Mox card (after the cycle of Mox jewel cards in the Limited Edition and Unlimited sets) and the first attempt at creating a "fixed" version of any of the Power Nine cards. Despite its association with the powerful Moxen, Jeweled Amulet was too weak to see much play at all.
  • Jokulhaups is a type of mudslide that occurs when a volcano erupts beneath a glacier.
  • Krovikan Vampire was one of five uncommon Ice Age block Japanese language cards offered as a promotion in Japan. The Ice Age block was not released in Japan.
  • Lhurgoyf inspired the creation of Revenant and its flavor text. It also inspired the creation of a cycle of Lhurgoyfs in the Odyssey expansion. The name is a made-up word that vaguely sounds of Norse origin.
  • Lost Order of Jarkeld is depicted by artwork that was commissioned for a card cut from the Legends expansion. That card was to represent one of the four horsemen of the apocalypse.
  • Norritt would not be printed as a common today, as it is complicated (as evidenced by the small font used in its text box) and has abilities normally associated with uncommon and rare cards. It was used as a promotion, being given away with Scrye magazine before the release of Ice Age.
  • Ray of Command is the first spell to gain temporary control of a creature.
  • Scaled Wurm has the greatest combined power and toughness among monocolored green creatures in Ice Age and among all common creatures at the time. It was used as a promo before the release of the expansion.
  • Shyft is the first creature to be able to change its colors on its own.
  • Staff of the Ages is strictly better than each of the cards in the anti-landwalk enchantment cycle from the Legends expansion.
  • Tarpan is an extinct wild European horse.
  • Thermokarst is a type of land surface that results from melting permafrost.
  • Urza's Bauble has the word "Urza" written on the bauble in its art.

Outside Links

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