Basic

Basic is a supertype found on the basic land cards Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain, and Forest; their snow counterparts Snow-Covered Plains, Snow-Covered Island, Snow-Covered Swamp, Snow-Covered Mountain, Snow-Covered Forest; and on Wastes.

Lands with the basic supertype usually are not bound by the usual four card maximum rule in constructed decks. However, the relevant basic lands are called out specifically as such in the tournament rules. Wate is the notable exception.

Relentless Rats and Shadowborn Apostle share that deckbuilding quality, but not the supertype. Unspecified rules issues, along with potential player confusion, have been cited as reasons for restricting the usage of the supertype.

The word "basic" was added to the basic lands in Eighth Edition in order to help players understand what exactly the term meant, as the basic land types (Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain and Forest) were not always associated with basic lands (e.g. in the case of the original dual lands).

Although it is a basic land, R&D decided not to allow players to add any number of Wastes to their decks (e.g. from a Land Station), but to limit players to what they open in their sealed pool or pick in a draft.

Nonbasic

• Nonbasic refers to every land without the Basic supertype, or "special lands".

Rules

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 100.2a In constructed play (a way of playing in which each player creates their own deck ahead of time), each deck has a minimum deck size of 60 cards. A constructed deck may contain any number of basic land cards and no more than four of any card with a particular English name other than basic land cards. For the purposes of deck construction, cards with interchangeable names have the same English name (see rule 201.3).

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 205.4c Any land with the supertype “basic” is a basic land. Any land that doesn’t have this supertype is a nonbasic land, even if it has a basic land type.
  Cards printed in sets prior to the Eighth Edition core set didn’t use the word “basic” to indicate a basic land. Cards from those sets with the following names are basic lands and have received errata in the Oracle card reference accordingly: Forest, Island, Mountain, Plains, Swamp, Snow-Covered Forest, Snow-Covered Island, Snow-Covered Mountain, Snow-Covered Plains, and Snow-Covered Swamp.

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 305.5. Land subtypes are always a single word and are listed after a long dash. Land subtypes are also called land types. Lands may have multiple subtypes. See rule 205.3i for the complete list of land types.

  Example: “Basic Land — Mountain” means the card is a land with the subtype Mountain.

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 305.6. The basic land types are Plains, Island, Swamp, Mountain, and Forest. If an object uses the words “basic land type,” it’s referring to one of these subtypes. An object with the land card type and a basic land type has the intrinsic ability “{T}: Add [mana symbol],” even if the text box doesn’t actually contain that text or the object has no text box. For Plains, [mana symbol] is {W}; for Islands, {U}; for Swamps, {B}; for Mountains, {R}; and for Forests, {G}. See rule 107.4a. See also rule 605, “Mana Abilities.”

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 305.8. Any land with the supertype “basic” is a basic land. Any land that doesn’t have this supertype is a nonbasic land, even if it has a basic land type.