Library

The library is one of the six main zones in Magic.

Description

The library is the pile from which you draw cards, either the opening hand at the beginning of the game, during your draw phase, or because of an effect of a spell or ability. Cards drawn are put into a player's hand, from which they can be played. Some effects return cards to the top or bottom of your library, or cause cards to be shuffled into your library. Other effects allow you to search your library for a card; these effects can be referred to as "tutors".
Typically, whenever a player has looked through the contents of his or her library, that player shuffles the library before resuming play. This is to preserve the random order of the cards to be drawn, and allow for luck to play a part in the game. In organized play, many judge policies concern preserving the randomness of the library when a player illicitly obtains knowledge of the order of a player's library.
The library also serves as an alternative win condition by being a finite resource. Once all of the cards in a library are drawn or otherwise removed, a player will lose the game if an effect causes him or her to draw a card. While most decks try to win by reducing life points, some aim at reducing another player's library to zero cards.

Flavor

Flavorfully speaking, the library represents a subset of all the spells the player (who is a planeswalker), knows. It is a subset because the player's entire Magic collection would be all the spells and lands he has encountered and learned in history.

Rules

From the Comprehensive Rules (June 7, 2024—Modern Horizons 3)

• 401. Library
  • 401.1. When a game begins, each player’s deck becomes their library.
  • 401.2. Each library must be kept in a single face-down pile. Players can’t look at or change the order of cards in a library.
  • 401.3. Any player may count the number of cards remaining in any player’s library at any time.
  • 401.4. If an effect puts two or more cards in a specific position in a library at the same time, the owner of those cards may arrange them in any order. That library’s owner doesn’t reveal the order in which the cards go into the library.
  • 401.5. Some effects tell a player to play with the top card of their library revealed, or say that a player may look at the top card of their library. If the top card of the player’s library changes while a spell is being cast, the new top card won’t be revealed and can’t be looked at until the spell becomes cast (see rule 601.2i). The same is true with relation to an ability being activated. If the top card of the player’s library changes while a player is taking a special action (see rule 116, “Special Actions”), the new card won’t be revealed and can’t be looked at until the player has finished taking that special action.
  • 401.6. If an effect causes a player to play with the top card of their library revealed, and that particular card stops being revealed for any length of time before being revealed again, it becomes a new object.
  • 401.7. If an effect causes a player to put a card into a library “Nth from the top,” and that library has fewer than N cards in it, the player puts that card on the bottom of that library.

Rulings

• If player puts two or more cards on the top or bottom of another player's library (as with Misinformation), that player may arrange them in any order (unless otherwise specified) and doesn't reveal this order to the owner of the library.

Mechanics dealing with the library

Putting cards on top of a library

Putting cards on top of a library is primary in blue.

Putting cards nth from the top of a library

The delaying mechanic of putting cards nth from the top of a library is primary in white (e.g. Approach of the Second Sun)

Playing cards off top of library, at a cost

Playing cards off top of library, at a cost, is primary in blue, secondary in green. This effect is usually on a permanent that makes the top of your library be played face-up. You may then cast cards off the top of your library. Green, when it does this effect, usually limits you to playing a subset of permanents.

Playing cards off top of library, for free

Playing cards off top of library for free used to be in blue, but is now primary in red. This is because it has a chaotic feel (you don't know what's about to happen).

Restocking

Putting cards from your graveyard back into your library ("Restocking") is primary in green and secondary in blue. Green does it most as a "cycle of life" flavor, but blue does it on occasion, sometimes also shuffling your hand in as well and then drawing you cards.