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A '''Judge''' is an official at a [[tournament]] which settle disputes between [[players]] and enforce the [[rules]] and regulations of the [[game]], as well as hand out punishment for transgressions thereof. <ref>{{DailyRef|mtgcom/feature/431|Philosophy and Practice|Sheldon Menery and Toby Elliott|November 12, 2007}}</ref> <ref>{{DailyRef|mtg/daily/feature/187|Judge Lord|Jason Lemahieu|March 19, 2012}}</ref>
{{for|the [[test card]] [[creature type]]|Judge (creature type)}}
A ''[[Magic: The Gathering]]'' '''Judge''' is an official at a [[tournament]] who settles disputes between [[players]] and enforces the [[rules]] and regulations of the [[game]], as well as handing out punishment for transgressions thereof.<ref>{{DailyRef|feature/philosophy-and-practice-2007-11-12|Philosophy and Practice|[[Sheldon Menery]] and Toby Elliott|November 12, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022140928/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/feature/philosophy-and-practice-2007-11-12|archivedate=October 22, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{DailyRef|feature/judge-lord-2012-03-1|Judge Lord|Jason Lemahieu|March 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{DailyRef|level-one/playing-grand-prix-part-ii-2015-05-26|Playing in a Grand Prix: Part II|[[Reid Duke]]|May 25, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927233857/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/level-one/playing-grand-prix-part-ii-2015-05-26|archivedate=September 27, 2022}}</ref>
[[File:Magic Judge.jpg|right]]


Judges can be consulted in between and during rounds and can inform about interaction of [[cards]] or about the status of the tournament (e.g. how much time is left in the round), but are not allowed to provide [[Strategy|strategic]] advice. Judges also report tournament results and other incidents during the tournament which may require supplementary discipline back to the [[DCI]] after the tournament has been concluded. During the tournament judges register players, create matchups, and collect results of matchups in addition to being able for consultation over rules issues.
==Task==
Judges can be consulted in between and during rounds and can inform about the interaction of [[card]]s or about the status of the tournament (e.g. how much time is left in the round), but are not allowed to provide [[Strategy|strategic]] advice. Judges also report tournament results and other incidents during the tournament which may require supplementary discipline back to the [[DCI]] after the tournament has been concluded. During the tournament judges register players, create matchups and collect results of matchups in addition to being available for consultation over rules issues.


Any person can become a verified judge by taking a test about rules interaction as well as how to interact with players in varying situations. Judges are categorized into Levels, designating the minimum knowledge they must have to perform their duties within a tournament. Higher Level judges can be consulted if a lower level judge's ruling appears to be incorrect, and a higher level judge can overrule the previous statements. The DCI also requires that tournament organizers provide for the presence of a certified judge of a certain level to hold certain kinds of tournaments (e.g. Grand Prix Trials).
The head judge of an event can be consulted if a floor judge's ruling appears to be incorrect. The DCI also requires that tournament organizers provide for the presence of a certified judge of a certain level to hold certain kinds of tournaments (e.g. Grand Prix Trials).


At certain large tournaments judges also often give seminars for their colleagues in how to perform their duties more easily or in a better way, e.g. how to spot illegal collusion between players.
At certain large tournaments judges also often give seminars for their colleagues in how to perform their duties more easily or in a better way, e.g. how to spot illegal collusion between players.


Judges usually wear shirts featuring white-and-black vertical stripes. The head judge of large tournaments often wears a red-and-black striped design instead.
Judges usually wear solid black shirts. The head judge of large tournaments often wears a solid maroon design instead.
 
On April 4, [[2016]], two lawsuits were brought against [[Wizards of the Coast]] claiming that ''Magic'' judges are essentially Wizards employees, deserving benefits and terms of employment. In a response, WotC called these lawsuits meritless.<ref>{{DailyRef|news/message-magic-community-2016-04-20|A Message to the Magic Community |[[Helene Bergeot]]|April 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006193344/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/news/message-magic-community-2016-04-20|archivedate=October 6, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{DailyRef|news/wizards-responds-lawsuits-2016-04-20|Wizards Responds to Lawsuits|[[Wizards of the Coast]]|April 20, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801183706/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/news/wizards-responds-lawsuits-2016-04-20|archivedate=August 1, 2022}}</ref> The description of one case can be found [https://www.scribd.com/doc/309867466/Shaw-Et-Al-v-Wizards-of-the-Coast-LLC here].
==Judge Program==
Any person can become a verified judge by taking a test about rules interaction as well as how to interact with players in varying situations.<ref>{{DailyRef|feature/overwhelming-tell-2013-06-19|Overwhelming Tell|[[Trick Jarrett]]|June 19, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815225932/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/feature/overwhelming-tell-2013-06-19|archivedate=August 15, 2022}}</ref> Judges are categorized into Levels, designating the minimum knowledge they must have to perform their duties within a tournament. Since September 2004, this was a five-level structure. In 2016, the Judge Program was restructured in a three-level structure with different [[Rules Enforcement Level]]s (REL) and three advanced roles.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://blogs.magicjudges.org/blog/2016/04/11/the-new-new-world-order/|title=Magic Judge News: The New New World Order|publisher=Blogs.magicjudges.org|date=April 11, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006220225/https://blogs.magicjudges.org/blog/2016/04/11/the-new-new-world-order/|archivedate=October 6, 2023}}</ref>
 
===Levels===
*Level 1 – Regular REL In-Store Judge. These judges have been trained and certified in Regular REL rules and procedures. They are the ones taking care of the most of the ''Magic'' tournaments happening in the world, educating new players on rules and positive behaviors before they go to bigger events.
*Level 2 – Competitive REL Judge. These judges have been trained and certified in Competitive REL rules and procedures. They are primarily responsible for premier play in stores, notably the [[PPTQ]] circuit. They perform on the floor of [[Grand Prix]] and other large events.
*Level 3 – Premier Judge. These judges have demonstrated the ability to lead at a [[Premier Event]]. They have expert rules knowledge and logistical skills. A judge at this level is also expected to be involved with the Judge Program beyond their local stores/region.
 
{{rules|''[[Tournament Rules]]''|May 13, 2024—''[[Outlaws of Thunder Junction]]''|1.8 Floor Judges
Floor judges are available to players and spectators to answer questions, deal with illegal plays, or assist with reasonable requests. They do not have to be certified.
 
Judges will not generally assist players in determining the current game state but can answer questions about the rules, interactions between cards, or provide the Oracle™ wordings of relevant cards. At Regular Rules Enforcement Level, the judge may assist the player in understanding the game state in the interest of education. If a player wishes to ask their question away from the table, the request will usually be honored. Players may not request specific judges to answer their calls but may request a tournament official to help translate. This request may be honored at the discretion of the original judge.
 
Judges do not intervene in a game to prevent illegal actions but do intervene as soon as a rule has been broken or to prevent a situation from escalating.}}
 
===Advanced Roles===
Advanced Roles are further leadership opportunities for Level 3 judges. They are not a progression. They are aspects of the program where a judge has an opportunity to take a significant role. A judge commits to the role for a term of eighteen months, after which they may reapply if they so choose (along with other judges who wish to step up into that role). The three Advanced Roles are:
*Regional Coordinator. These are the judges charged with overseeing specific regions and acting as the primary point of contact between those judges and the Judge Program. There will be a few tweaks, but it's much the same as it is currently.
*Grand Prix Head Judge. These are the judges' Tournament Organizers will use as Head Judges and Support Judges at Grand Prix. They are tournament logistics experts and are comfortable with large-scale event leadership.
*Program Coordinator. These judges oversee the running of the Judge Program and act as the primary interface with Wizards in developing new initiatives. They set the strategic direction for the Judge Program and work with leaders of projects to ensure that the strategy gets implemented.
 
One-third of each of these roles will rotate every six months (Grand Prix Head Judges in July and December, Regional and Program Coordinators in April and October).
 
{{rules|''[[Tournament Rules]]''|May 13, 2024—''[[Outlaws of Thunder Junction]]''|1.7 Head Judge
Sanctioned tournaments require the physical presence of a Head Judge during play to adjudicate disputes, interpret rules, and make other official decisions. The Head Judge is the final judicial authority at any DCIsanctioned tournament and all tournament participants are expected to follow their interpretations. Although it is beneficial, the Head Judge does not have to be certified.
The Head Judge’s responsibilities include:
• Ensuring that all necessary steps are taken to deal with game or policy rule violations that they notice or are brought to their attention.
• Issuing the final ruling in all appeals, potentially overturning the ruling of a floor judge.
• Coordinating and delegating tasks to floor judges as needed.
If necessary, the Head Judge may temporarily transfer their duties to any judge if they are unable to fulfill them for a period of time. Also, in exceptional circumstances, if the tournament’s integrity would be damaged otherwise, the Tournament Organizer may replace the Head Judge.
Certain Premier tournaments have multiple Head Judges and/or different Head Judges for different portions of the tournament. All Head Judges share the same responsibilities and exercise the same authority while they are serving as a Head Judge. }}
 
{{rules|''[[Tournament Rules]]''|May 13, 2024—''[[Outlaws of Thunder Junction]]''|Appeals to the Head Judge
If a player disagrees with a judge’s ruling, they may appeal the ruling to the Head Judge. In larger, Premier-level tournaments (such as Pro Tour and Regional Championships), with prior approval, the Head Judge may designate additional Appeals Judges who are also empowered to hear appeals. They will be wearing the same uniform as the Head Judge.
Players may not appeal before the full ruling is made by the responding floor judge. Rulings made by the Head Judge or designated Appeals Judges are final. }}
 
===Exemplar Program===
The Exemplar Program was a community-driven peer recognition system designed by Senior Judges which gives L2+ Judges the opportunity to recognize excellence among Judges of all levels throughout the world.<ref>{{DailyRef|arcana/exemplar-program-2015-12-02|The Exemplar Program|Aaron Hamer|December 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024012354/https://magic.wizards.com/en/articles/archive/arcana/exemplar-program-2015-12-02|archivedate=October 24, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{WebRef|url=https://blogs.magicjudges.org/exemplar/about-the-exemplar-program/|title=About the Exemplar Program|date=|publisher=MagicJudges.org}}</ref> Wave 18 is the last Exemplar Wave for the foreseeable future.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://blogs.magicjudges.org/exemplar/exemplar-wave-18-and-beyond/|title=Exemplar Wave 18 and Beyond|author=Bryan Prillaman|date=July 29, 2019|publisher=Blogs.magicjudges.org}}</ref>
 
==Judge Academy==
[[File:Judge Academy logo.png|right|thumb|250px]]
On July 27, 2019, the news was leaked that the Judge Program would be ending, being replaced with a [https://judgeacademy.com/ Judge Academy] that would certify judges and would require a yearly subscription fee for higher level judges.<ref>{{TwitterRef|heyworstartist|1155194361157758976|author=Kirsty McIntyre|title=There has been an announcement re: the judge programme at MTGBarcelona.|date=July 27, 2019}}</ref> There's going an online system of learning modules for subscribed judges. This was later confirmed by official sources.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://blogs.magicjudges.org/blog/2019/07/29/the-next-era-of-magic-judging/|title=The Next Era of Magic Judging|author=Sara Mox|date=July 29, 2019|publisher=Blogs.magicjudges.org}}</ref><ref>{{WebRef|url=https://judgeacademy.com/faq/|title=Judge Academy FAQ|author=Nicolette Apraez|date=July 29, 2019|publisher=[[Judge Academy]]}}</ref> The Judge Academy was established and owned by Tim Shields of [https://www.cascadegames.com/ Cascade Games]. This news was met with mixed reactions.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/magicTCG/comments/cjihdd/ama_with_judge_academy_answering_questions_730_at/|title=AMA with Judge Academy|author=[[Judge Academy]]|date=July 30, 2019|publisher=Reddit}}</ref>
 
Judge Academy launched on October 1st, 2019.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://judgeacademy.com/a-greeting-from-tim-shields/|title=A Greeting from Tim Shields|author=Tim Shields|date=October 1, 2019|publisher=[[Judge Academy]]}}</ref> A restructuring took place in [[2022]].<ref name="2022 announcement">{{WebRef|url=https://judgeacademy.com/judge-academy-2022-announcements/|title=Judge Academy 2022 Announcements|author=Nicolette Apraez|date=October 4, 2021|publisher=Judgeacademy.com}}</ref>
 
On October 13, [[2023]], Wizards of the Coast ended its partnership with Judge Academy.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://magic.gg/news/wizards-of-the-coast-and-judge-academy-partnership-ends|title=Wizards of the Coast and Judge Academy Partnership Ends|author=[[Wizards of the Coast]]|publisher=[[Magic.gg]]|date=October 7, 2023}}</ref> The announcement did not give any indication as to when a new judge certification program would be created nor why the partnership ended.<ref>{{WebRef|url=https://judgeacademy.com/2023-open-letter-and-faq|title=Judge Academy Transition – Open Letter and FAQ|author=Tim Shields, Samantha|publisher=Judge Academy|date=October 6, 2023}}</ref>
 
==Rewards==
{{Main|Judge Gift}}
Though judges may be paid for their tournament appearances, judges who go above and beyond sometimes receive [[Judge Gift]] cards, [[foil card]]s with an [[alternate art]]work or design, often of [[rare]] or powerful cards which can fetch very high prices on the [[secondary market]] as they are sought after by collectors. Tournament organizers will often compensate judges with some store credit for helping at their event.


As the DCI does not allow for Judges to be paid for their tournament appearances, Judges are partially compensated with [[Judge Gift cards]], [[Foil card|Foil cards]] with an [[alternate art]]work or design, often of [[rare]] or powerful cards which can fetch very high prices on the secondary market as they are sought after by collectors.
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
<!--temp fix-->
==External links==
 
*{{DailyRef|Player Experience Sphere|Player Experience Sphere|David Lyford-Smith|August 26, 2015}}
*{{DailyRef|ways-play/love-your-judges-2016-03-10|Love Your Judges|[[Meghan Wolff]]|March 10, 2016}}
*{{WebRef|url=https://wpn.wizards.com/en/article/judge-academy-qa-tips-securing-magic-tournament-judges|title=Judge Academy Q&A: Tips for Securing Magic Tournament Judges|author=[[WPN]]|date=May 16, 2022|publisher=[[Wizards Play Network]]}}
[[Category:Magic rules]]
[[Category:Magic rules]]
[[Category:Competitive Magic]]
[[Category:Competitive Magic]]

Latest revision as of 06:53, 6 July 2024

A Magic: The Gathering Judge is an official at a tournament who settles disputes between players and enforces the rules and regulations of the game, as well as handing out punishment for transgressions thereof.[1][2][3]

Task

Judges can be consulted in between and during rounds and can inform about the interaction of cards or about the status of the tournament (e.g. how much time is left in the round), but are not allowed to provide strategic advice. Judges also report tournament results and other incidents during the tournament which may require supplementary discipline back to the DCI after the tournament has been concluded. During the tournament judges register players, create matchups and collect results of matchups in addition to being available for consultation over rules issues.

The head judge of an event can be consulted if a floor judge's ruling appears to be incorrect. The DCI also requires that tournament organizers provide for the presence of a certified judge of a certain level to hold certain kinds of tournaments (e.g. Grand Prix Trials).

At certain large tournaments judges also often give seminars for their colleagues in how to perform their duties more easily or in a better way, e.g. how to spot illegal collusion between players.

Judges usually wear solid black shirts. The head judge of large tournaments often wears a solid maroon design instead.

On April 4, 2016, two lawsuits were brought against Wizards of the Coast claiming that Magic judges are essentially Wizards employees, deserving benefits and terms of employment. In a response, WotC called these lawsuits meritless.[4][5] The description of one case can be found here.

Judge Program

Any person can become a verified judge by taking a test about rules interaction as well as how to interact with players in varying situations.[6] Judges are categorized into Levels, designating the minimum knowledge they must have to perform their duties within a tournament. Since September 2004, this was a five-level structure. In 2016, the Judge Program was restructured in a three-level structure with different Rules Enforcement Levels (REL) and three advanced roles.[7]

Levels

  • Level 1 – Regular REL In-Store Judge. These judges have been trained and certified in Regular REL rules and procedures. They are the ones taking care of the most of the Magic tournaments happening in the world, educating new players on rules and positive behaviors before they go to bigger events.
  • Level 2 – Competitive REL Judge. These judges have been trained and certified in Competitive REL rules and procedures. They are primarily responsible for premier play in stores, notably the PPTQ circuit. They perform on the floor of Grand Prix and other large events.
  • Level 3 – Premier Judge. These judges have demonstrated the ability to lead at a Premier Event. They have expert rules knowledge and logistical skills. A judge at this level is also expected to be involved with the Judge Program beyond their local stores/region.

From the Tournament Rules (May 13, 2024—Outlaws of Thunder Junction)

  • 1.8 Floor Judges
    Floor judges are available to players and spectators to answer questions, deal with illegal plays, or assist with reasonable requests. They do not have to be certified.

    Judges will not generally assist players in determining the current game state but can answer questions about the rules, interactions between cards, or provide the Oracle™ wordings of relevant cards. At Regular Rules Enforcement Level, the judge may assist the player in understanding the game state in the interest of education. If a player wishes to ask their question away from the table, the request will usually be honored. Players may not request specific judges to answer their calls but may request a tournament official to help translate. This request may be honored at the discretion of the original judge.

    Judges do not intervene in a game to prevent illegal actions but do intervene as soon as a rule has been broken or to prevent a situation from escalating.

Advanced Roles

Advanced Roles are further leadership opportunities for Level 3 judges. They are not a progression. They are aspects of the program where a judge has an opportunity to take a significant role. A judge commits to the role for a term of eighteen months, after which they may reapply if they so choose (along with other judges who wish to step up into that role). The three Advanced Roles are:

  • Regional Coordinator. These are the judges charged with overseeing specific regions and acting as the primary point of contact between those judges and the Judge Program. There will be a few tweaks, but it's much the same as it is currently.
  • Grand Prix Head Judge. These are the judges' Tournament Organizers will use as Head Judges and Support Judges at Grand Prix. They are tournament logistics experts and are comfortable with large-scale event leadership.
  • Program Coordinator. These judges oversee the running of the Judge Program and act as the primary interface with Wizards in developing new initiatives. They set the strategic direction for the Judge Program and work with leaders of projects to ensure that the strategy gets implemented.

One-third of each of these roles will rotate every six months (Grand Prix Head Judges in July and December, Regional and Program Coordinators in April and October).

From the Tournament Rules (May 13, 2024—Outlaws of Thunder Junction)

  • 1.7 Head Judge
    Sanctioned tournaments require the physical presence of a Head Judge during play to adjudicate disputes, interpret rules, and make other official decisions. The Head Judge is the final judicial authority at any DCIsanctioned tournament and all tournament participants are expected to follow their interpretations. Although it is beneficial, the Head Judge does not have to be certified.
    The Head Judge’s responsibilities include:
    • Ensuring that all necessary steps are taken to deal with game or policy rule violations that they notice or are brought to their attention.
    • Issuing the final ruling in all appeals, potentially overturning the ruling of a floor judge.
    • Coordinating and delegating tasks to floor judges as needed.
    If necessary, the Head Judge may temporarily transfer their duties to any judge if they are unable to fulfill them for a period of time. Also, in exceptional circumstances, if the tournament’s integrity would be damaged otherwise, the Tournament Organizer may replace the Head Judge.
    Certain Premier tournaments have multiple Head Judges and/or different Head Judges for different portions of the tournament. All Head Judges share the same responsibilities and exercise the same authority while they are serving as a Head Judge.

From the Tournament Rules (May 13, 2024—Outlaws of Thunder Junction)


Appeals to the Head Judge
If a player disagrees with a judge’s ruling, they may appeal the ruling to the Head Judge. In larger, Premier-level tournaments (such as Pro Tour and Regional Championships), with prior approval, the Head Judge may designate additional Appeals Judges who are also empowered to hear appeals. They will be wearing the same uniform as the Head Judge.
Players may not appeal before the full ruling is made by the responding floor judge. Rulings made by the Head Judge or designated Appeals Judges are final.

Exemplar Program

The Exemplar Program was a community-driven peer recognition system designed by Senior Judges which gives L2+ Judges the opportunity to recognize excellence among Judges of all levels throughout the world.[8][9] Wave 18 is the last Exemplar Wave for the foreseeable future.[10]

Judge Academy

On July 27, 2019, the news was leaked that the Judge Program would be ending, being replaced with a Judge Academy that would certify judges and would require a yearly subscription fee for higher level judges.[11] There's going an online system of learning modules for subscribed judges. This was later confirmed by official sources.[12][13] The Judge Academy was established and owned by Tim Shields of Cascade Games. This news was met with mixed reactions.[14]

Judge Academy launched on October 1st, 2019.[15] A restructuring took place in 2022.[16]

On October 13, 2023, Wizards of the Coast ended its partnership with Judge Academy.[17] The announcement did not give any indication as to when a new judge certification program would be created nor why the partnership ended.[18]

Rewards

Main article: Judge Gift

Though judges may be paid for their tournament appearances, judges who go above and beyond sometimes receive Judge Gift cards, foil cards with an alternate artwork or design, often of rare or powerful cards which can fetch very high prices on the secondary market as they are sought after by collectors. Tournament organizers will often compensate judges with some store credit for helping at their event.

References

  1. Sheldon Menery and Toby Elliott (November 12, 2007). "Philosophy and Practice". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on October 22, 2021.
  2. Jason Lemahieu (March 19, 2012). "Judge Lord". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast.
  3. Reid Duke (May 25, 2015). "Playing in a Grand Prix: Part II". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on September 27, 2022.
  4. Helene Bergeot (April 20, 2016). "A Message to the Magic Community". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022.
  5. Wizards of the Coast (April 20, 2016). "Wizards Responds to Lawsuits". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on August 1, 2022.
  6. Trick Jarrett (June 19, 2013). "Overwhelming Tell". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022.
  7. Magic Judge News: The New New World Order. Blogs.magicjudges.org (April 11, 2016). Archived from the original on October 6, 2023.
  8. Aaron Hamer (December 2, 2015). "The Exemplar Program". magicthegathering.com. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on October 24, 2021.
  9. About the Exemplar Program. MagicJudges.org.
  10. Bryan Prillaman (July 29, 2019). "Exemplar Wave 18 and Beyond". Blogs.magicjudges.org.
  11. Kirsty McIntyre (July 27, 2019). "There has been an announcement re: the judge programme at MTGBarcelona.". Twitter.
  12. Sara Mox (July 29, 2019). "The Next Era of Magic Judging". Blogs.magicjudges.org.
  13. Nicolette Apraez (July 29, 2019). "Judge Academy FAQ". Judge Academy.
  14. Judge Academy (July 30, 2019). "AMA with Judge Academy". Reddit.
  15. Tim Shields (October 1, 2019). "A Greeting from Tim Shields". Judge Academy.
  16. Nicolette Apraez (October 4, 2021). "Judge Academy 2022 Announcements". Judgeacademy.com.
  17. Wizards of the Coast (October 7, 2023). "Wizards of the Coast and Judge Academy Partnership Ends". Magic.gg.
  18. Tim Shields, Samantha (October 6, 2023). "Judge Academy Transition – Open Letter and FAQ". Judge Academy.

External links